Patients With Joint Replacement
There have been no changes to the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons recommendations. Please
visit www.aaos.org for more information.

The American Association of Endodontists is dedicated to the advancement of the art and science of endodontics
through high quality research. The body of knowledge obtained through research should assist AAE members, as
well as dentists around the world, to render safe and effective treatment for the public, thus improving public
health.
The recommendation for the use of a new material or method of treatment should be based on laboratory,
biological and clinical studies. In vitro tests are screening tools to evaluate safety and effectiveness of a proposed
method or material. Following demonstration of acceptable biocompatibility profiles, in vivo (usage in laboratory
animals) studies are then indicated to confirm safety and efficacy. After obtaining favorable results from in vivo
studies, FDA clearance for use in humans should be sought. This will then pave the way for the final phase of
evaluation, the human clinical trial. Positive outcomes from clinical trials assure the dentist and patient that the
method or material has been shown to be safe and effective in patient care. For currently used methods and
materials, a systematic approach to review the evidence relevant to specific clinical questions is encouraged.
Following these guidelines will result in the integration of individual clinical expertise with the best available
research evidence.